{"id":205,"date":"2022-07-21T07:14:18","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T07:14:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/?p=205"},"modified":"2022-07-21T07:14:47","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T07:14:47","slug":"eurozony-ohrozuje-naruseni-dodavatelskych-retezcu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/2022\/07\/21\/eurozony-ohrozuje-naruseni-dodavatelskych-retezcu\/","title":{"rendered":"Euroz\u00f3nu ohro\u017euje naru\u0161en\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
V\u00fdpadky v dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch, nedostatek n\u011bkter\u00fdch surovin a sou\u010d\u00e1stek, probl\u00e9my s dopravou a logistikou, raketov\u011b rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed, pohonn\u00fdch hmot a dopravy v\u016fbec. To jsou faktory, s nimi\u017e se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b podniky musej\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1vat.<\/b><\/div>\n

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Studie Accenture „From Disruption to Reinvention \u2013 The future of supply chains in Europe“ zkoum\u00e1 mo\u017en\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e v\u00fdvoje v\u00e1lky a modeluje dopad ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z t\u011bchto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f na region euroz\u00f3ny z hlediska n\u00e1klad\u016f a \u010dasu pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho na obnovu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu o\u017eiven\u00ed v Evrop\u011b st\u00e1ly ji\u017e p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem v\u00e1lky v cest\u011b p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky v podob\u011b infla\u010dn\u00edch tlak\u016f, nedostate\u010dn\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek materi\u00e1lu a probl\u00e9m\u016f v logistice, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e obnoven\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka a preventivn\u00ed hromad\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1sob vedly k je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu zahlcen\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. Rusk\u00e1 invaze na Ukrajinu pak situaci je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161ila.<\/div>\n
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Nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouho trvaj\u00edc\u00ed nedostatek polovodi\u010d\u016f, kter\u00fd m\u011bl b\u00fdt vy\u0159e\u0161en ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b roku 2022, nyn\u00ed podle p\u0159edpoklad\u016f p\u0159etrv\u00e1 a\u017e do roku 2023. Vlekl\u00fd v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd konflikt by mohl v\u00e9st k dal\u0161\u00edm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m na HDP ve v\u00fd\u0161i 318 miliard eur v roce 2022 a a\u017e 602 miliard eur v roce 2023. Inflace v euroz\u00f3n\u011b by mohla v roce 2022 dos\u00e1hnout 10 % a jej\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e a\u017e v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u201eA\u010dkoli se odborn\u00edci shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee se Evropa letos vyhne recesi, kombinace koronavirov\u00e9 krize a v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b m\u00e1 na evropskou ekonomiku v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad a p\u016fsob\u00ed podstatn\u00e9 zpomalen\u00ed r\u016fstu,“ uvedl Jean-Marc Ollagnier, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Accenture v Evrop\u011b. \u201eZat\u00edmco p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dala ur\u010dit\u00e1 stabilizace dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b roku 2022, nyn\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee k tomu dojde d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e v roce 2023, mo\u017en\u00e1 dokonce a\u017e v roce 2024, v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, jak se bude v\u00e1lka vyv\u00edjet,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Ollagnier.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce mus\u00ed proj\u00edt prom\u011bnou<\/b><\/div>\n
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Vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f spojen\u00fdch s dodavatelsk\u00fdmi \u0159et\u011bzci bude m\u00edt z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na evropskou konkurenceschopnost a r\u016fst. Podle zpr\u00e1vy a\u017e 30 % celkov\u00e9 p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnoty euroz\u00f3ny z\u00e1vis\u00ed na funguj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edch dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch. Zpr\u00e1va nazna\u010duje nutnost prom\u011bny dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a celkov\u00e9 zm\u011bny nastaven\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve byly dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce navr\u017eeny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z pohledu optimalizace n\u00e1klad\u016f, v dne\u0161n\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a agiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, aby mohly dob\u0159e reagovat na rostouc\u00ed nejistotu v z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed. Stabiln\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce se z\u00e1rove\u0148 mohou st\u00e1t kl\u00ed\u010dovou konkuren\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhodou umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed budouc\u00ed r\u016fst. Aby se tak mohlo st\u00e1t, mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat 3 podm\u00ednky:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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–\u00a0Odolnost<\/b>: Dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopny absorbovat naru\u0161en\u00ed, p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se mu a zotavit se z n\u011bj kdykoli a kdekoli k n\u011bmu dojde. Toho je mo\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout nap\u0159\u00edklad lep\u0161\u00ed identifikac\u00ed rizik a stanoven\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro jejich zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e firm\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed reagovat na n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny, pokud dojde k naru\u0161en\u00ed. Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f v\u00fdvoje a anal\u00fdza rizik i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed jim z\u00e1rove\u0148 pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se nab\u00eddce a popt\u00e1vce. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm modelace a simulace dodavatelsk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed, z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00fdch test\u016f \u010di stanoven\u00ed velikosti strategick\u00fdch rezerv, pak firmy mohou l\u00e9pe zvl\u00e1dnout obdob\u00ed nejistoty.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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–\u00a0Relevance<\/b>: Dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce se mus\u00ed orientovat na z\u00e1kazn\u00edka a b\u00fdt agiln\u00ed, aby se mohly dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle a n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobit zm\u011bn\u00e1m v popt\u00e1vce. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam tak bude m\u00edt z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch soubor\u016f dat, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch zachycen\u00fdch v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, a to zevnit\u0159 i vn\u011b organizace a nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d cel\u00fdm hodnotov\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem. Pomoc\u00ed automatizace a um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence mohou firmy rychleji identifikovat nov\u00e9 datov\u00e9 vzorce, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159echod od centralizovan\u00fdch, line\u00e1rn\u00edch model\u016f z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011brem k decentralizovan\u00fdm s\u00edt\u00edm, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tzv. on-demand v\u00fdrobu a v r\u00e1mci nich\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech i k p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdroby k m\u00edstu prodeje, zase umo\u017en\u00ed l\u00e9pe vyhov\u011bt o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed objedn\u00e1vek.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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–\u00a0Udr\u017eitelnost<\/b>: Modern\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce mus\u00ed podporovat, ne-li urychlovat, udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 programy jednotliv\u00fdch firem \u010di organizac\u00ed. Aby z\u00edskaly d\u016fv\u011bru z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran, mus\u00ed sv\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce u\u010dinit transparentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm ze zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak toho dos\u00e1hnout, je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed blockchainu nebo jemu podobn\u00e9 technologie. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd bude tak\u00e9 p\u0159echod od uzav\u0159en\u00fdch k cirkul\u00e1rn\u00edm model\u016fm, kter\u00e9 minimalizuj\u00ed pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u201eVizibilita nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d dodavatelsk\u00fdmi s\u00edt\u011bmi, v\u010detn\u011b dodavatel\u016f druh\u00e9ho a t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b, a vizibilita sm\u011brem na popt\u00e1vkovou stranu z\u00e1kazn\u00edka je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Stanislav Ku\u010dera, kter\u00fd v Accenture v regionu St\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy odpov\u00edd\u00e1 za oblast dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a provozu.<\/div>\n
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\u201eFirmy mus\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt od p\u0159\u00edstupu just-in-time k p\u0159\u00edstupu just-in-case, diverzifikovat dodavatelsk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, pl\u00e1novat alternativn\u00ed p\u0159epravn\u00ed trasy, zajistit flexibilitu distribu\u010dn\u00edch center a vytv\u00e1\u0159et z\u00e1soby. To sice n\u011bco stoj\u00ed, ale je to pojistka proti budouc\u00edm ot\u0159es\u016fm. Jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, z\u00e1soba je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav pro rozbou\u0159en\u00e9 mo\u0159e a v sou\u010dasnosti vlny tohoto rozbou\u0159en\u00e9ho mo\u0159e dosahuj\u00ed bezprecedentn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 jsou investice do nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed l\u00e9pe vyu\u017e\u00edvat data a v\u016fbec zvl\u00e1dat komplexitu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu dodavatel\u016f, distribu\u010dn\u00edch center \u010di po\u010dtu SKU. Tedy do digit\u00e1ln\u00edch dvojn\u00edk\u016f a analytiky, digit\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed a tak\u00e9 do cloudu, jen\u017e poskytuje obrovsk\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed v\u00fdkon, a to n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00edm, flexibiln\u00edm a udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Ku\u010dera.<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdpadky v dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch, nedostatek n\u011bkter\u00fdch surovin a sou\u010d\u00e1stek, probl\u00e9my s dopravou a logistikou, raketov\u011b rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed, pohonn\u00fdch hmot a dopravy v\u016fbec. To jsou […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":206,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=205"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakersnews.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}